North Korea Government

North Korea Government North Korea GovernmentKorea's division in 1945 along the 38 parallel was a temporary partition to facilitate Japanese's forces on the Korean Peninsula at the end of World War II. Andrea Matles Savada explains that before the division in 1945 along the 38 parallel, United States and the Soviet Union agreed to temporarily occupy the country as a trusteeship with the zone of control demarcated along the 38th parallel. The purpose of this trusteeship was to establish a Korean provisional government which would become "free and independent in due course". Korea was one nation until 1945, when the country was divided by the United States and the Soviet Union at the end of World War II. The war created two Korean governments, one in the north known as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), and another in the south known as the Republic of Korea (ROK). The two Koreas engaged in a hostile war between 1950 and 1953 and remained divided as of today.After division, the South Korea and North Korea took distinctly different paths of development. By 1990 North Korea emerged as a staunch communist society which was governed by a leadership that hardly open the country to the outside world while South Korea evolved into a liberal democracy after many years of military dictatorship.The elections for South Korea were held in the U.S. zone in 1948 for a national assembly, which adopted a republican constitution and elected Syngman Rhee as the nation's president. The incipient republic was proclaimed on Aug. 15 and was apperceived as the licit regime of Korea by the UN on Dec. 12, 1948. While North Korea society revolves around the "religion of Kim II Sungism" and his chuch'e ideology, which is the application of Marxism-Leninism to the North Korean experience.

Hitchcocks ingenuity Essay Example

Hitchcocks ingenuity Essay Example Hitchcocks ingenuity Essay Hitchcocks ingenuity Essay Psycho was first released in 1957 in the form of a novel written by Robert Bloch though it is better known as a film by Alfred Hitchcock first released on the big screen in 1960. Hitchcock brought the storyline of the novel for à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½9500 after originally offering à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5000 as an anonymous caller (Hitchcock did this because if the novelist had known that it was Hitchcock calling he would have charged him much more). Hitchcock took complete control of the film buy making himself director and the editor of the film. The film which was highly controversial at the time due to the strict morals and ethics enforced by the M.P.A. (originally established in 1930 by the Hayes Office), escaped the censorship laws due to numerous tricks that Hitchcock deployed to bend the rules. Hitchcocks past experience helped him through the first hurdle of getting the film through the censors and despite the contreversiality of the film Hitchcock got it through virtually unaltered to the origin al plan. The first trick that Hitchcock deployed was to put absolutely shocking sequences into the film which were there for the sole purpose of distracting the censors away from the bits that he did want to put in, such as the shower scene. An example of this is when Hitchcock put in a clear reference to Norman having a sexual relationship with his mother which Hitchcock knew would immediately be taken out by the censors. In addition to this Hitchcock used clever camera work (as used in the shower scene) to avoid showing unpresentable material such as nudity, therefore outmanoeuvring the M.P.A.. Hitchcock also submitted unchanged scenes to the M.P.A. that he had been asked to re-edit and used exchanges to get certain scenes that he really wanted in instead of scenes that he was not particularly bothered about. Hitchcock also got round Normans transvestitism, which along with homosexuality was taboo at the time, by saying that Norman was not dressing up as a woman for sexual orientation and therefore was not a transvestite. Also note that in addition to the M.P.A. there were non-governmental groups such as the Catholic League of Decency that could mount substantial opposition to a film if they did not think that it was a ppropriate to be shown at the cinemas (although if the M.P.A approved of a film then the other organisations would generally follow suit). As Hitchcock released a variety of posters that hint different things to the audience: This poster has various clues about the plot or overall theme of the film for instance the cracked writing of the word psycho could represent a cracked mind or could alternatively represent knife slashes, this makes the audience think the film could be to do with either of the two points, both of them or even neither of them and is just put there to confuse this maintains the overall suspense surrounding the film. The film title itself psycho these-days connotes a knife wielding manic but at this time the word was known but uncommonly used psychology wasnt a big as a thing then than it is now. The colors red and black that feature heavy in the poster connotes blood darkness and evil also confirming the audiences fears that the film is a frightening or worrying experience. The woman in the background screaming also adds more evidence to this idea of darkness and fear. Silhouetting prevents us from s eeing, what we think to be the antagonist his outline out of proportion almost like Frankensteins monster tells us that whoever it is could be monstrous it could also tell us that as the monster was made up of different body parts of different people could have been used to represent the more than one personality that lurks in the character. Hitchcock also includes his name on the poster he knows that just his name alone would help sell the film as he is one of if not the greatest director of this time. Hitchcocks other marketing ploys also greatly contributed to the overall tense atmosphere of the film, it is rumored that he made people sign a contract that stated that they would not reveal the films ending. He even apparently bought all copies of the books the film was based on by Robert Blach and all the rights to it so it couldnt be published. The phrase No-one but no-one will be admitted after the film has started printed on posters ensured the films atmosphere wouldnt be spoiled made it seem that the film was that good it wasnt allowed by anybody to be spoiled, people running down the aisles terrified by what they saw made the film seem like it was one of the most petrifying experiences ever. Hitchcocks ingenuity did not stop at his ability to get round the censors but he was also a master at creating suspense, horror and making his films unpredictable. Often to create suspense Hitchcock will use none diagetic sounds (sounds which are unflowing or out of tune) which will making the audience feel uneasy, especially uneasy for the character that the camera is facing (if there is only one). Hitchcock would often throw in red herrings into his films to make the audience feel at ease before something terribly awful happens therefore magnifying the feeling of horror through the feeling of surprise. Hitchcock may also throw in plot twists commonly known, as red herrings into the film just to make sure that the film was unpredictable and constantly entertaining. In fact Hitchcock is so good at this that he does it through writing at the very start of the film. As the camera comes into the room where Marion and her boyfriend are embracing semi-naked on the bed writing comes up on the screen in block capitals This format is not one that is associated to the horror genre but more to the detective thriller type genre. This sort of writing is seen in programmes such as the X-Files and Police programmes. Immediately this throws the audience off track and then when Marion steals $40,000 dollars from her workplace runs away with the money and is being followed by a policeman who is clearly highly suspicious of her the audience is utterly convinced that the film could be nothing other than a detective thriller with Janet Leigh (the star actor of her time) as the main actor in the film. In fact the audience is thrown off the track so badly that they start wondering why the film is called Psycho. However this is just a trick thrown in by Alfred Hitchcock to make the death of what is thought to be the main actor in the film one third of the way through at a seemingly pleasant motel all the more shocking. The other thing to look out for in Hitchcocks films are the use of ironic lines that seem meani ngless at the time but when put together at the end of at the end of the seem to fit together into a little riddle to reveal the storyline e.g. You ought to pull into a motel somewhere you know just to be safe. The first instance when Hitchcock makes the audience feel really uneasy is when Marion is driving out of town with $40000 and her employer spots her after Marion told her boss that she was not feeling to good and she was going home to lie down. What is particularly worrying for the audience is that her boss is with the man that the money has been lent from. When her boss looks Marion straight in the eye and we have a view from Marions eyes the audience immediately jumps to Marions side and thinks Oh no Marion is going to get caught (although Marion is the one that is committing the crime and therefore we should really want her to get caught if anything) as the music gets loader and her boss has been looking at her for longer and has clearly recognised her the tension and tension builds up and we get more and more nervous for Marions plight unaware that later in the film we will be on the side of her killer to get away with her murder. The other purpose that this scene fulfils is to throw the audience off the trail of a slasher movie by manipulating the audience into thinking that the film is all about the $40,000 that Marion has stolen. Hitchcock does this by showing that her employer is suspicious of her and thinks that she may have the money. Hitchcock also follows up this red herring by having a policeman follow her who is also clearly highly suspicious of the women. Hitchcock makes us feel particularly nervous in this scene (especially whilst she is actually buying the car) even though this is only a red herring Hitchcock clearly wants to hide this fact by making it seem, as it is particularly important to the plot of the film. Hitchcock makes us feel nervous for Marion in the car salesmen scene by constantly flashing back at the policemans face to see what he is doing and whether he is going to do anything to Marion or not. Marion also is showing signs of nervousness herself and by asking the salesman if she can find a ladys room when she is supposed to be in a hurry she attracts a large degree of unnecessary attention to herself. The next important scene that we meet in the film is the parlour scene. The interesting part in this scene is not the way that Hitchcock builds up tension or horror but the use of ironic lines and the irony in the scene. To start with Norman seems like a very friendly guy but during this scene we find out how protective mother is of him and also how protective he is of mother. We find this out after mother has a row with Norman in the house, which does (undoubtedly not by coincidence) look rather more suspicious than the Motel itself. Norman also protects Mother after a hint by Marion that perhaps mother should be sent to a mental institution. He defends her by saying arguably the most ironic line in the film, Its not as if mother were a maniac a raving thing. She just goes a little mad sometimes. We all go a little mad sometimes. Havent You? Norman also suggests that mother is completely harmless. The fact that Norman is readily discussing mother and has had a conversation with her (albeit out of sight) means that we are not at all expecting for Norman to be mother. Neither is we expecting mother to go and kill anyone because she is supposedly harmless. The mise en scene of this particular scene is very interesting there are two birds of prey there (the owl and the crow) which both represent death. The birds are also stuffed to keep them new, the same as he has done to his mother. This is one of the most meaningful and ironic mise scenes that is seen through the whole film. The position of the birds is also particularly interesting they are towering over Marion suggesting perhaps that death is going to come to her soon, although at the time we do not notice this or think it through enough to guess that she is going to get killed. The most time consuming horrific and to some the most important scene in the film is to follow. After a slow down in tempo of the film the audience is feeling pretty relaxed, after the voyeuristic shot of Norman peeping through a hole in the wall (voyeurism being something that Hitchcock seems to be particularly obsessed with, and being used to perhaps suggest that he may be doing something that has been shown in the second film under more lax censorship rules), the audience will be utterly shocked. The part of the film that is most shocking and horrific scene in the film (and some would say in any film) is to come. Hitchcock has slowed down the tempo of the film purposefully, so that the audience will feel more shocked at the sudden death of Marion. Diagetic and rhythmic music is used whilst the audience pleasantly views one of the biggest stars of the day in the shower. As she is one of the biggest stars of her day and also advertised as the star/main actor in the film the audience is fooled into thinking that one third of the way through a detective thriller she is highly unlikely to be killed. However Hitchcock had put this in to add extra surprise to her gruesome death. When mother enters the room we see just her shadow creep up but the purposefully dim lighting and the use of the shower curtain to obscure the few hide the large figure of a man and seem to make the killer look smaller. Our instant reaction is Marion turn round, which just goes to show that we have already sided with Marion (so in this scene we are feeling an attachment to Marion). As mother gets closer to Marion the sounds that have now turned to non-diagetic sounds gradually get louder building up tension inside us. When mother finally gets to the shower it takes 45 seconds to kill Marion which on camera took 8 days to film due to Hitchcocks want for perfection. The scene was particularly difficult to film because at the time no nudity was allowed nor would a knife touching human flesh be allowed. Hitchcock however got round this by clever editing therefore outmanoeuvring the Motion Picture Association. You never actually see the murder but it is so obviously happening that your mi nd puts the jigsaw together to make the story fit. Some people will argue that this technique of making someone put together the pieces is far more horrific than just simply showing it, which meant the Hitchcock got what he wanted from the scene, so much so in fact that for days, weeks and in some cases months after the film people did not take showers because they were scared that they may meet the same fate as Marion. The excellent variety of angles shown in the footage is astonishing and makes you feel lost because especially with the use of fast editing. The fast editing makes the audience feel that the attack was particularly sudden and brutal and also leaves the audience shocked who less than a minute ago were sitting in a detective thriller comfortably eating there popcorn and are now sitting in the most horrific horror movie that they had ever seen back then. Some interesting extra facts about this scene is that it was performed on a 12 foot by 12foot stage which is very confined, he used chocolate sauce as blood yet still ma naged to make it look incredibly realistic and also that 1 woman saw Marion breathe when she was dead after being murdered so Hitchcock had to re-shoot that piece such was his want for perfection in this scene. The Arboghast killing lets the audience knows that no-one is safe not even a private detective. As Arboghast enters the house the audience thinks that he can handle the killer. As the tense music starts and the crack of light appears through the door we know something is going to happen. The music develops into one long high pitched note; we see birds of prey foreshadowing his death as they did with Marions. The jerky violin kicks in; we see the killer as a woman which tries to make the identity of the killer obvious. Again we dont see the knife stab but we do see the victims wound which is very vicious stretching across his face. Arboghast is reaching out to the audience when he falls down the stairs causing the audience to want to help him but knowing they cant they feel sorry for him as they what will happen when he reaches the bottom. The stabbing violins again create shock and terror on the audience. The whole killing is done in one continuous shot in contrast with the sharp cut s in Marions killing. The next scene that is particularly good to analyse when Lila is looking around Normans house. As she walks towards the house it looks much more sinister than the motel itself and the fact that there are steps going up to it and it is on raised ground seem to add an edge to its spookiness. The fact that the house looks so spooky immediately puts the audience on the edge of their seats and they feel incredibly nervous for Lilas plight. Lila goes up into mothers bedroom she looks inside mothers cupboard and finds that all of the clothes are still in the cupboard and that everything in the room seems to have been left the same. This is the first point in the film that you see where Normans hobby of taxidermy fits in and why Hitchcock put it in. The audience at this point of course knows about mother having been put in the fruit cellar (which the whole point of is to preserve fruit for as long as possible). The audience by now has started to get a growing suspicion that something siniste r may be going on inside the house. At this stage of the film you may have also noticed that Hitchcock often puts mirrors in scenes perhaps to add depth to the scene? Normans room has also been left relatively untouched since that time that mother died which also makes the audience feel as though something is not quite right. When Norman enters the house the suspense and tension and the nervousness for Lila increases up a gear although we are not yet sure whether Norman would harm her or not we know that he is capable of doing so after his scuffle with Sam. Lila hides down the stairs as Norman goes upstairs and then Hitchcock fits in a part with dramatic irony. Lila thinks that if she goes into the fruit cellar then she will more than likely be safe however the audience knows or think they know that mother the psychopath will kill her if she goes into the fruit cellar this makes the audience even more nervous tense and feeling under suspense. As Lila enters the room the audience starts biting their fingernails and as she gets closer the tension mounts. She goes closer and closer to mother, as the audience gradually get more and more nervous. Eventually when she reaches mother she turns the chair round only to find that there is a skeleton on it. You would think that this would calm down the audience but in fact it heightens the tension as the audience sees how all of the previous scenes fit together and make sense. The audience now knows that Norman is the killer and that he is inevitably going to find Lila especially after she screamed at the sight of the skeleton (which by the way was quite jumpy because of the unexpectancy). The tension heightens again and then up another level when Norman (dressed as mother) enters the room, so much so that it was the most tense moment that I personally have ever experienced in any film that I have ever watched. However Sam then disarms Norman. One interesting thing about that scene is the way that Hitchcock manages to spin round a wooden chair with legs on without squeaking completely unrealistically without the audience noticing. Hitchcock did this to make the scene run more smoothly and what he had to do to achieve this was to put a prop man under the chair to spin it round. The last scene that I would like to write about is the scene where Norman is attempting to sink Marions car along with her body and $40,000. The interesting thing about this scene is that we are willing the car to sink even though we know that it is wrong to think that. Really we know that Norman should not sink it but report it to the police or get his mother put in a mental asylum; however Hitchcock manipulates our thoughts to think what he wants us to think. The first way that Hitchcock did this is by positioning the camera at one point as though we are looking through Normans eyes this helps us take Normans side and so we will the car to sink. The other reason is that we feel sorry for Norman who at this stage in the film seems to be dominated by a madwomen who will not allow him to do anything. We also do not particularly want mother to be caught as she is mentally ill and so it seems unlikely that she would have done it of her own accord. We also feel that even if Norman did re port it to the police they would immediately think it was him rather than a frail old women. It is also just a boy trying to protect his mother. The film at its time was the scariest thing most people had saw; however today audience have been desensitizes by the amount of horror and thriller films around today. We dont get hit with the same impact the audience of the 1960s did as it was a new idea which broke conventions and even created same more setting a standard for all horror-thriller films. I think that the film wasnt scary as I am a member of todays desensitized audience however my heart did jump when the stabbing violin combined superbly with the on-screen action. Throughout the film there is transference is guilt for example Marions guilt being replaced by Normans guilt, innocent characters failings are magnified. Hitchcock also shows things to the audience that the characters dont know then builds tension around what will happen when the characters the characters find out. The plot also revolves around the money which incites curiosity, desire and motivates the characters. The money however never leaves Marion thoug h audience and characters think that hed killed her for the money. Hitchcock preferring suspense over surprise, hence the title master of suspense. All of this comes together to make psycho a truly frightening experience for the audience of the time.

Macroeconomics Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Macroeconomics - Dissertation Example The Future of US Dollar: Still the Preferred International Currency 23 2.2.3. The Future of US Dollar: The Beginning of the End 26 2.2.4. The Future of the US Dollar: Bretton Woods III or IV? 29 2.3. Some Observations 35 Summary 36 Chapter 3 Findings and Discussion 37 3.0. Introduction 37 3.1. The US Dollar and Its uncontested hegemony as International Money 38 3.2. The Future of the US Dollar: The Challenge to the System 40 3.3. The Alternative 42 Chapter 4 Conclusion and Recommendation 43 4.0. Conclusion 43 4.1. Recommendation 44 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.0. Introduction Economic history is the story of the gradual evolution and extension of the economic community from its origin of a single household to encompass the nation and the world. In its current stage, globalisation transforms the relationship among nations, highlighting the greater interdependence and integration among countries in economic activities in particular and all facets of society in general (Suarez-Orozco and Qi n-Hilliard 2004). The recent global economic meltdown shows how interconnected countries are – the financial debacle started as a sub-prime crisis in the United States, but its effect has an impact on the â€Å"raised global financial fragility. The bubble blew up first in one place and then in another, moving around the globe† (Wade 2008, p. 40). ... reserve currency of many countries around the globe; reserve-management plays a crucial role in assisting the country during the global economic crisis (Obstfeld and Rogoff 2009). Self-insurance, which means large stock of international reserves in time of stability, may enhance the financial stability of a country. However, in a system in which many countries hold their reserves as their form of liquidity insurance, it has a destabilising effect (Obstfeld and Rogoff 2009). As such, understanding the role of US Dollar in today’s monetary system is pivotal in determining and developing appropriate national financial policies deem responsive to issues arising during times of financial uncertainties and instability. 1.1. Objectives of the Research Considering the status of US Dollar as the basic international currency, the condition of globalisation and its ensuing interdependence among countries, especially in financial and economic activities and transactions, the following are the objectives of the research. †¢ To understand and examine the role of US Dollar as an international currency. †¢ To determine its future role in international monetary system. †¢ To discuss the role of US Dollar as an international medium of exchange, as a store of value, an anchor currency in the exchange rate regimes and its use for Invoicing of Exports †¢ To validate the use of US Dollar as a primary currency in official foreign exchange reserves and as transaction currency in capital and foreign exchange markets †¢ To explore other feasible alternatives to the US Dollar as an international currency 1.2. Research Questions The two primary questions of the research are (1) what is the role of US Dollar in today’s international monetary system. In addition, (2) What are the future

Forensic Tools Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Forensic Tools - Research Paper Example The tools need to be validated to ensure reliability (Brunty, 2011). They are highly trusted by the community that deals with legal issues. For instance, judges highly trust forensic tools the way scientists trust scientific processes to make their study results consistent and verifiable. Forensic tools should not be used as scientific processes because they are not scientific in nature. They have to be validated before being used. Validation enables the legal community to match a forensic tool with the nature of investigation and types of data to be collected. The validation is also important because it increases one’s confidence when using the tools. The process is vital when giving evidence in court that the tools used are effective before presenting the digital proof. Validation increases the competitiveness of a forensic examiner. Without it, the reputation of even the most experience examiner can be destroyed. Validation of the tools is also necessary because it ensures repeatability. When using the same tool, one should be able to obtain the same results after conducting the same test. This proves that the information presented in the tools is of high quality (Evans, Bond & Bement, 2004). In addition, validation ensures reproducibility when using the tools. This means that when using the tools one can obtain the same results even if the same tests are carried out in different settings. One of the organizations that undertake the validation of the tools is the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (NSRL, 2001). This organization conducts various projects in laboratories. The aim of the organization entails establishing methodologies for testing the effectiveness of the forensic tools. For instance, the organization develops the tools specifications and tests sets. It also identifies the general test procedure and standards. The

Current issue in government contract Essay Example for Free

Current issue in government contract Essay The issue is focus on the financial aspect in the company operations. The law is so strict enough in the budget allocated for any accounts which are voluntary. Below is the issue accordingly; auditing the companys accounts on a voluntarily basis: â€Å"A request from the Secretary General of the Department of Finance to audit, the annual accounts of Campus and Stadium Ireland Development Ltd. I agreed to audit the companys accounts on a voluntary basis pending the enactment of legislation to put the company and its operations on a statutory footing. The audit, which was completed in June 2001, covered a period from the date it commenced operations on December 10, 1999 to the end of the year 2000. Almost ? 2 million was allocated from the Department of the Taoiseachs Vote to meet the costs of the company in the initial period. The committee will see from the accounts that something around ? 560,000 of that went to fitting out the offices which were rented in Blanchard town, ? 400,000 went to pay for executive services for the last four months of the year 2000 and ? 313,000 or so went on consultants fees (Purcell. http://www. irlgov. ie)†. Corporate governance arrangements, tendering for executive services, fee levels for executive services, credit card expenses and the tax status of the company. I can expand on the specific issues during the course of the examination if the committee so wishes. The main activities of the company during the period of the accounts were developing an architectural and environmental scheme for the company, devising the structure of a competition for the provision of the various facilities on the site and latterly organizing a competition for the provision. In my own opinion of the issue, I could rather say, if the provision issue provides the enhancement of the development of the company’s progress then it is so much advice able to adopt the audit more profoundly. Then continuous monitoring of the results of the issue to the point of view of the rest of the people concerned to either it resulted to a positive outcomes or not. If it has positive outcomes then it would be better to enhance such auditing issue just for the good of the company and all the concern as well. Other Issues â€Å" 1.) A persons children or other lineal descendants such as grandchildren and great-grandchildren, it does not mean all heirs, but only the direct bloodline. Occasionally, there is a problem in determining whether a writer of a will or deed meant issue to include descendants beyond his or her immediate children. While a child or children are alive, issue refers only to them, but if they are deceased then it will apply to the next generation unless there is language in the document which shows it specifically does not apply to them. This issues looks unfair to the new generation to which no how on how comes they are a part of the problem for infact they just come in existing. 2) n. any matter of dispute in a legal controversy or lawsuit, very commonly used in such phrases as the legal issues are, the factual issues are, this is an issue which the judge must decide, or please, counsel, let us know what issues you have agreed upon. In these issues, as long as it is following the legalities it has to be abided. The judge is the one to promulgate laws that was agreed upon standards. So if it is in my case I don’t need to argue at all though it hurts to accept facts but facts must prevail. 3) v. to send out, promulgate, publish or make the original distribution, such as a corporation selling and distributing shares of stock to its initial investors. I will rather agree to this statement, this is for the reason of visibility to everybody of what was going on the promulgation. There should be participation to everybody’s concern. 4) n. the shares of stock or bonds of a corporation which have been sold and distributed (â€Å"Issue†. http://legal-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com)†. A Problem in Contracts Assurance contracts are a financial technology that facilitates the private creation of public goods and Club goods in the face of the free rider problem. The free rider problem is that there may be actions that would benefit a large group of people, but once the action is taken, there is no way to exclude those who did not pay for the action from the benefits. This leads to a game theoretic problem: all members of a group might be better off if an action was taken, and the members of the group contributed to the cost of the action, but many members of the group may make the perfectly rational decision to let others pay for it, then reap the benefits for free, possibly with the result that no action is taken. The result of this rational game play is lower utility for everyone. â€Å"Assurance contracts operate as follows: In a binding way, members of a group pledge to contribute to action an at least N-1 other members also make the same pledge. If N members sign the pledge (perhaps by a certain expiration date), the action is taken. If the quorum is not reached, the parties are not bound to carry through the action (â€Å"Assurance Contract†. http://en. wikipedia. org)†. â€Å"The binding mechanism may be a contract enforced by a government, a contract enforced by a private organization (e. g. a mediator, a protection agency in an anarcho-capitalist society, etc. ), an escrow organization (in such cases, the binding contract is signed by depositing funds in advance, which are later either disbursed according to the contract, or refunded), etc. Many economists argued that the central planning and bureaucratic directions are necessary to produce public goods. There is at least some types of public good can be produced privately by profit seeking entrepreneurs. A new and more powerful form of assurance contract and discusses, without making rigorous is called a dominant assurance contract. This was contracts that exhibit on the goods or product. There are two problems involved in the production of public goods, the preference revelation problem and the contribution problem. One focus we have for sure is on the contribution problem, how to get agents voluntarily contribute to providing the public good. This will limit the analysis of good, which naturally comes in lumpy quantities, or goods for which we can deduce into an efficient size. If a bridge or road or light house is to built we can probably estimate the efficient size from the information about preferences and technology (Tabarrok, Alexander. March 6, 1996. http://mason. gmu. edu)†. Under this issue we can include the government contracts which were brought to news for publicly seen. A recent decision by the Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia has potentially momentous consequences for bankrupt government contractors and their creditors. â€Å"That court, with jurisdiction over the Virginia suburbs of Washington, D. C. , the primary place of business for many government contractors, has held that the debtor/contractor filing for reorganization of the Bankruptcy Code is not automatically entitled to continue performing its federal contracts. Instead, the government can obtain permission from the bankruptcy court to immediately terminate such contracts (Government Contracts. 1999. http://www. hklaw. com)†. This decision may result in contractor being forced into liquidation proceedings, with little remaining for its creditors. In my own opinion it is inhuman to say getting all proceeding of the debtor on which nothing left for her living. This means that, the same saying killing the debtor for not paying all the debts. It’s too much contract not giving any pardon to debtor itself. If I were to judge I have to see to it that I can make adjustment prior to both the company and the debtor. There must be equal distribution. Government Contract Commitment to the client and the promise of innovative solutions is the core of Government Contracts Consultants. Government Contracts Consultants is organized as a small woman-owned, SBA certified HUB Zone company organized to meet the ever-growing needs of business by providing creative information technology, administrative and acquisition management support services and training to government and commercial clients. Our areas of expertise included. â€Å"M3 Federal Contract Practice Group, LLC. (M3) works on behalf of Prime contractors, Subcontractors, and International companies doing business with the U. S. Government. M3 is a highly recognized U. S. Government contract consultant firm comprised of subject matter experts that focus on and comprehend every element of the federal procurement field from business development, writing winning proposals, contract management, contract closeout, and claim resolution. M3 Federal is the only company within the federal procurement field that provides an all encompassing teaming solution for any company willing to get into the federal procurement field or that has been in the federal field and has complex procurement issues to resolve. M3 Federal Contract Practice Group specializes in all areas of government contracting and federal procurement including (â€Å"M3 Federal Contract†. http://www. m3federal. com): †¢ Contract Claims †¢ Preparation †¢ Submittal †¢ Resolution †¢ Audits †¢ Qui Tam Actions †¢ Fraud †¢ Bid Protests †¢ Proposal Development DoD Facility Clearances †¢ DoD Personnel Clearances †¢ Intellectual Property Rights †¢ Export Regulation Compliance †¢ Commercial Contracts †¢ Joint Ventures/Teaming Agreements †¢ Contract Administration †¢ GSA Schedules This are all gives us the background of what covers the entire contract. The overview of this contact will focus on business. Business will be better off if it follows a standard to avail. Conclusion: We have dealt with five issues that differ in many ways. Issues has an act by the Government that goes beyond the terms of a Fixed Price Contract, Cost Type, Cost Plus Award Fee, Research Development Contract, etc. or any contract termination that has a consequential ripple effect upon the entire contract and/or Contractor, impose a substantial risk to the Contractor and require immediate action by the Contractor to ensure no financial denigration to reputation. In the sense of Government contract it is legal and purposely design to make progress not only the company but also the people at large. It is properly impose so that everybody will understand the agreement agreed upon. But in the case of problem issues it is focusing more often to the people who have not agreed to to their previous contract or might be things they fail to do and the other parties tends to claim and will sewed the debtor for example. Also problems sometimes will come out to be in the case of agreement which was not abided. If I will to make sure that agreement should complied I have see to it , that my opponents could make a written not just verbal agreement to whom I can claim even if problem arise. Reference â€Å"Assurance Contract†. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Assurance_contracts â€Å"Issue†. http://legal-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/issue Government Contracts. 1999. http://www. hklaw. com/Publications/newsletters. asp? ID=70)† â€Å"M3 Federal Contract†. http://www. m3federal. com Purcell. http://www. irlgov. ie/committees-02/c-publicaccounts/020321/Page1. htm Tabarrok, Alexander. March 6, 1996. http://mason. gmu. edu/~atabarro/PrivateProvision. pdf Sovereign acts by the Government, such as dictating to the Contractor, orally or through un-priced or unsigned modifications are a manifestation that you are working to defective specifications and/or performing added scope work. If any of the following conditions apply to your contract, you may be experiencing lost funds and may be entitled to additional mo whether or not the end item meets contract requirements. Any change in this methodology, not covered by a modification, is a delay to the contract and in many cases is considered added scope work entitling the Contractor to be monetarily Contractor must be aware that a rejection, not supported by a specific contract citation is improper, and that a Contractor is not obligated to perform the work until a citation is given or a modification is made to the contract.

Taj Mahal :: essays research papers

â€Å"Taj Mahal†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think a gigantic funerary mosque of white marble, built in Agra by order of the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his favorite wife, the Taj Mahal is the most perfect jewel of Moslem art in India and is one of the universally admired architectures of the world’s heritage. Not only see the beautiful Taj Mahal from the video, I also knew the history of itself and its country. A white marble tomb sums up many of the formal themes that have played through Islamic architecture. The video did talk a lot of how much Shah Jahan himself and his father loved art and made many gorgeous artworks. Taj Mahal’s refined style is a conspicuous contrast to the Hindu architecture of pre-Islamic India, with its thick walls, arches, and heavy supports. Even though Taj Mahal is the symbol of grief and sadness, it still has it beauty looks from marble and sand stone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Taj Mahal stands in a formally laid-out walled garden; I think these trees and flowers made Taj Mahal even more beautiful and gave it a look of peacefulness. White marble and red sandstone are great materials to be used for symbol of eternal love. Everything seems to be in balance of itself. I think a long pool in front of Taj Mal does give many explanations or meaning of Taj Mahal. I think reflecting of Taj Mal in the long pool tells us that Shan Jahan would only love his wife, like the reflection that will only give the image of Taj Mahal, not anything else.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The lines, mostly curved, are in great harmony details. The color from both outside and inside could be changed as the light from the sun moves. The flowers and Koran written on the walls and the gate give people who visiting wondering of what is that means. As the visitors walked pass each area, I think they would imagine of what each areas mean from the story of Taj Mahal. From the video, I think some sights of Taj Mahal create sorrowing sights.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think this architecture is beautiful artwork. I consider Taj Mahal as art because it combines many forms of art in one.

Needs Are Artificially Created

Skills assignment 1: ‘Needs Are Artificially Created’ Requirements Max 700 words incl referencing, titles Excl bibliography Source for every argument APA referencing Explain terminology Intro * Definition of marketing * Definition of needs -> motives -> biogenic or psychogenic, artificial needs? , wants and demands * Definition of artificially creating * Represent the guiding essay question, represent your stance: needs are already existent and marketing merely satisfies the needs. Needs pre-exist marketing. Essay question: Are the ‘needs’ of consumers artificially created? Body 1 Theoretical argument (assumption): * Theory of rational consumer choice * Microeconomics book: research combinations of prices and goods, preferences, optimal consumption point * Maslow pyramid: needs are in a hierarchical order, but they already exist. logical reasoning: needs are prefilled, therefore cannot be created. Marketing is mainly guidance for consumers about availability and prices of products. 2 Empirical arguments -> factual * Contra: observations that disprove iPhones/Tablets -> statistics of sales * Industry of organic food -> statistics * Pro * Safety advertisements Conclusion ————————————————- Summarize. Clear end sentence â€Å"Marketers do not create needs: Needs preexist marketers, marketers along with other societal factors, influence wants. Marketers might promote idea that Mercedes would satisfy a person’s need for social status. They do not, however, create the need for social status†. (Philip Kotler, Marketing Management: eleventh edition, chapter one, page no. 1) Need becomes motive (p 98 kotler) when it is aroused to a sufficient level of intensity to drive us to act. 3 theoretical arguments: freud, maslow, Herzberg. Freud: psychological shaping behaviour i. e. need for recognition, esteem or belonging. Freud states that there’s unconscious behaviour/needs/motivation†¦ Such as size, shape, weight and brand name. Marketers can use the technique â€Å"laddering† which traces a person’s motivations on a scale. (look up? ) This can help the marketer decide at what level to develop the message and appeal.

Business ethics Essay

Ethics is something that is very important to me. I would like to think that everyone has manners or even common sense when it comes to other peoples’ feelings, or physical pain. But I cannot think like this. If I were to have my own business I would have a code of ethics that would be followed very strictly. I simply will not tolerate any form and unethical behavior in the workplace. The first research situation states: â€Å"A researcher studying dorm life on campus discovers that 60 percent of the residents regularly violate restrictions on alcohol consumption. Publication of the finding would probably create furor in the campus community. Because no extensive analysis of alcohol use is planned, the researcher decides to keep his findings quiet. † I believe that this researcher did do the right thing. If the researcher would have gone public with this information it could potentially put a lot of the students in danger. The publication of the fact could cause riots, or fights within the campus. Plus the students did not know that the researcher was gathering information about the alcohol consumption, which would violate one of the six ethical issues. Deception would be considered misleading the students about the nature of the study, meaning the researcher told the students one thing but did not tell them about the research on alcohol consumption. Another thing that the researcher could have possibly caused is physical harm. By keeping the information gathered to him or her, it did not cause uproar in the campus community. The researcher could have also revealed which groups of people, or even single people, are consuming the alcohol which could lead them to feel depressed, or cause people not to talk to them, and maybe even cause them to transfer to another school. Even though the researcher could have used this information to his or her advantage, this is not what he or she intended to research therefore the information gathered should not be used for anything. In my opinion, this particular researcher has done a great job with their ethical behavior. According to the six ethical issues the researcher has followed each one to prevent any type of unethical behavior. This procedure is very acceptable, and I do recommend this to anybody who plans on doing any type of research. The second research situation is: â€Å"A research questionnaire is circulated among students as part of their university registration packet. Although students are not told they must complete the questionnaire, the hope is that they will believe they must-thus ensuring a higher completion rate. † I do not agree with this at all. This is very unprofessional, and the researcher or organization behind this survey will not receive the expected results. First of all you have to tell the students what the survey is about, why it is important that they fill out the survey, how this will benefit the students directly, and that it is not a requirement, but on a volunteer basis so that they do not feel like they are being forced to just simply write something on the survey that may not be entirely true, creating invalid information. At my workplace I sell mobile phones for AT&T. When a customer comes in to activate a new line of service or upgrades their existing device they are sent a survey on how the experience was in the store. It is my job to explain what the survey is about and why they are receiving this survey. I also have to make sure the customer understands that it is not required of them and if they do not feel comfortable taking it they do not have to participate. The survey is also completely anonymous, unless the customer requests their name to be a part of the survey, again this is optional. Another thing I always do is make sure I tell them how this survey can benefit them. I tell them it is simply to improve our service through customer feedback. By doing these few extra steps, we have gotten so many more surveys posted than ever before. If a survey is just randomly there, the customer is not going to know what it is for. They aren’t going to realize that by filling this survey out it could very well potentially help them. Odds are that about 90% of people will not take a survey if it is not explained to them. If a researcher wants results, he or she will take the time to do these few extra steps to get the correct information needed for the research.

The Concept of Vipassana Prison Program

The Concept of Vipassana Prison Program Introduction Vipassana, in the prison setting, is a revolutionary idea because it gets to the root-cause of the recidivism problem. The concept addresses the habits, fears and habits that cause people to get into prison in the first place. As such it reflects the possibility of borrowing cultural practices from other parts of the world and using them to improve one’s situation.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Concept of Vipassana Prison Program specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reflections The intervention program that was conducted in Donaldson prison, Alabama was one of the most powerful illustrations of what intercultural ideas can achieve. It was a teaching derived from Buddha; however, it should be regarded as non sectarian because it is a philosophical system of morality. Vipassana has the ability to correct severely-engrained habits since it teaches subjects how to experience their own reality. Many teachers and inmates explained that they traced the roots of their passions, anger, insecurities and other emotions during the program. As they were meditating, all of them looked at their inner selves objectively. It was probably this detachment that caused them to achieve a sense of balance and calm. The technique purified their minds and freed them from their suffering. Such an achievement is invaluable in a correctional facility like Donaldson, which has a ‘gladiator’ environment (Phillips, 2012). Vipassana meditation belongs to a series of spiritually-based programs in psychology. In fact, the use of spiritual beliefs in these environments is nothing new. One of the most well-known rehabilitation programs, that is; AA uses spiritual practices to treat alcoholism. Spiritualism is the process of looking for the sacred. It encapsulates moving beyond one’s physical existence and exploring the transcendent world. While many religions teach spirituality, it i s possible to remain spiritual without adhering to a particular religious orientation because all one has to do is to move beyond one’s consciousness. Supporters of this kind of approach claim that spirituality is a natural way of helping criminals or addicts because it allows one to get to the ultimate level of consciousness. Crimes or drugs are temporary and ineffective ways of solving a human being’s problem.Advertising Looking for assessment on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By using a natural and healthy method of solving this problem, spirituality can effectively manage crime or drug addiction (Marlatt et al., 2002).  The success of the program illustrates that intercultural harmony is possible if the method or approach used gets to the inner self. Conclusion This intervention program is a paradigm shift in the field of corrections. The traditional approach aims at punishing and opp ressing inmates in order to instill fear in them. Many of them commit more crimes because no message gets to their internal system. However, Vipassana attempts to change inmates through an internal transformation of their subconscious. As a result, prisoners become more disciplined, self-aware, cooperative and reasonable. From these observations, one can confidently assert that Vipassana is a successful process of reform. Intercultural interventions that focus on the internal being are quite effective, which is visible even in my personal encounters. References Marlatt, A., Larimer, M., Blume, A., Simpson, To. Parks, G. (2002). The effects of Vipassana meditation and other rehabilitations programs on alcohol and drug relapse and criminal recidivism. Phillips, J. (2012). TED X Boston. Retrieved from http://tedxboston.org/speaker/phillips-ph-d

150+ Useful Character Quirks (Plus a Few Clichés to Avoid)

150+ Useful Character Quirks (Plus a Few Clichà ©s to Avoid) 150+ Useful Character Quirks (Plus a Few Clichà ©s to Avoid) Writing great characters is a constant balancing act - you want each one to have certain quirks and flaws, but you don’t want them to be SO zany that they’re off-putting to readers. So how can you come up with realistic traits that humanize your characters, without falling into clichà ©?Luckily, this post offers a list of over 150 unique character quirks and traits that avoid clichà © and can help make the people in your story much more relatable! But before we get into that, here are a few notes on what character quirks are in stories and how to use them. Check out this list of over 150 character quirks (that you can steal for your book). What are character quirks? Making sourdough - so quirky! (Photo by  Nathan Dumlao)This section contains suggestions for unique strengths and talents, as well as weaknesses or negative traits one might possess.Strengths/talents:Fantastic cook or bakerSkilled musician (piano, guitar, violin, etc.)Artistic talent (drawing, painting, sculpting, etc.)Model athlete (football, hockey, swimming, etc.)Great at voices/ventriloquyCan do sleight-of-hand - may be a pickpocketSpeaks multiple languages, even obscure onesKnows everything about historyMathematical or scientific geniusBrilliant coder and can hack into any databaseSkilled mechanical inventorCan build or put together anythingSuper-quick logical reasoningExceptional memory/genius IQ (several of the above might fall under this one)Special connection with animalsSuper empathetic and understanding of other peopleExtremely fast runnerContortionist (can twist their body into any shape)Psychic talent (can predict the future)Amazing mechanicSuper strength, flying, in visibility or other superpowersUnusually high tolerance for painSurvival skills like hunting and fishingQuick reflexes, acts fast in a crisisBrave and fearless, not scared of anythingAble to talk their way out of any trouble/invent stories on the flyWeaknesses/negative traits:Awful driverAlways running lateIllegible handwritingTerrible at public speakingSocially awkward - hard for them to make friendsHas tons of credit card debt from online shoppingSelf-destructive and always wants what’s worst for themGets blackout drunk every time they go outExtremely conceited or arrogantCompulsive liarManipulative of friendsGets jealous over nothingOften mean for no reasonUnbelievably self-centeredExtremely passive-aggressiveArachnophobia (irrational fear of spiders)Coulrophobia (irrational fear of clowns)Agoraphobia (irrational fear of leaving the house)Pantophobia (fear of everything)Be careful how you incorporate these strengths and weaknesses, as you don’t want their inclusion to seem unnatural. After all, personality traits tend to reveal themselves on a daily basis, but this may not be true for their special talents and fears.Indeed, sometimes the best way to use quirks like these is to surprise your reader with it at the right moment. Maybe it’s the eleventh hour, and your MC has nowhere else to turn, only for their friend’s special skill to save the day!Also, as you can tell from both lists, there’s quite a range of strengths and weaknesses you can give your characters. Some of those talents require more practice than others, and some of the weaknesses are greater flaws than others - for instance, being a mean or manipulative person is obviously much worse than having bad handwriting. However, it’s good to be familiar with a wide range of both major and minor quirks so you can create more well-rounded characters.MiscellaneousThese are idiosyncrasies that don’t really fit into any of the above categories, but could still be of good use in your story.Dresses all in one colorBedroom is decorated exactly like a Pinterest pictureWon’t drink still water, only sparklingRefuses to use headphones and blasts their music in publicAlways dresses too nicely for the occasionWalks around barefoot, even in stores and other public placesHates being inside, sleeps and goes to the bathroom outdoorsCan’t help but look in every mirror they passWears a small plastic backpack everywherePreps their meals three weeks in advanceDrinks shots of espresso all day longSings opera in the showerMakes their own (terrible) abstract art and hangs it on their wallsGets super excited about Christmas and then really depressed in JanuaryRefuses to wear glasses even though they need themCarries around a secret teddy bearHas been wearing the same friendship bracelet for three yearsFastidiously lint-rolls all their clothingWill a shop or restaurant if someone walks in with a babyExtremely superstitious (knocks on wood, avoids the number 13, etc.)Drops everything other people ask them to holdLikes to go out dancing by themselvesPrefers to have the lights off or dimmed at all timesOnly reads books written before 1900Only watches movies that get really bad reviewsAlways wears multiple sweaters on top of each otherWon’t eat anything that doesn’t have bread (at least on the side)Thinks they’re a time-traveler from the medieval eraGives friends and family excellent homemade presentsLeaves the office last every day so they can push all the chairs inHates jagged numbers (always fills their gas tank to the dollar, sends emails on the hour, etc.)Has an imaginary friend they still talk to, even in adulthoodOwns a lizard that they try and use as a guard dogListens exclusively to Britney SpearsLeaves little notes in library books for future readersUses tissues to hold onto poles on public transportationWears their hair in Princess Leia bunsNever goes a day without talking to their momHums â€Å"In the Hall of the Mountain King† when they get stressedClucks their tongue while walking, so they sound like a horseQuotes Pulp Fiction all the timeLoves hanging out in completely empty placesConvinced they’re going to die in a freak accidentGrows all their own food in their vegetable gardenNever pays for train or bus ticketsCan recite Shakespearean sonnetsRecycles and eats vegetarian, but only out of guiltHas a â€Å"vision board† posted on their ceilingLoves the beach but hates swimmingFlicks people in the forehead when they get annoyedLaughs at everything, even bad jokesCurates a great Instagram feed of street art Sings opera, owns a lizard, plus 50 more original quirks to use in your story 🎠¶Ã°Å¸ ¦Å½ Clichà ©d â€Å"quirks† to avoidGiving your characters interesting tics can cross-over into ham-fisted writing if your quirks are used way too much, like the following:Pale skinCrooked smileâ€Å"Intense† stareRelentless clumsinessArtificial hair colors that are supposedly naturalCharacters thinking they’re unattractive when everyone else thinks they’re beautifulBasically, any archetype that hasn’t been developed enoughWhen readers see these traits on the page, they roll their eyes and think, â€Å"Ugh, not again.† Many of these aren’t even quirks, but fairly common traits that the writer attempts to romanticize. Traits like these signify to the reader that the author has barely put any thought into developing their characters - they’ve just chosen ostensibly quirky features that are actually overused and ineffective. So stay away from them at all costs!As we said, the business of selecting and integrating quirks is more compl icated than it seems. But after reading through this guide, you should have a much better understanding of what they are and how to use them†¦ not to mention a tremendous variety of quirks from which to choose! So will your character be a gum-chewing code genius or a short-tempered contortionist? From here on out, it’s all up to you.What are some of your characters' quirks? Tell us in the comments below!

Electoral Record and Contentious Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Electoral Record and Contentious Issues - Essay Example Jack Layton, who was considered as universally respected led the NDP to elections in 2011, although he died from cancer in a tragic manner several months before the onset of the elections. The new leader for NDP, Tom Mulcair, as in the case of Layton, was bilingual and came from Quebec. However, the political career for Layton was based in Ontario, which was an English-speaking region, where Mulcair used to serve as a Minister for the provincial administration of Quebec. The Liberty Party was unsuccessful during the 2008 elections, while under the leadership of Stephane Dion as well as in the 2011 elections when Michael Ignatieff, a previous professor from Harvard led the party (Michaels, 2015). After the loss of the two academics, the party has decided to select a new leader, John Trodeau, whose name was popular as he is the son of Pierre Trudeau, who served as the previous Prime Minister (Michaels, 2015). At the birth of John Trudeau, his father served as the Prime Minister, meaning that in case the Liberal Party succeeded, then Trudeau would manage to step to the house, the Prime Ministerial dwelling situated at 24 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, since that was where he was raised (Brewster, 2015). Unfolding Count Canada is usually spread in times zones of about 4 hours, although the close times gap for the polls are compressed to approximately three hours. With the announcing of the results, bans have been put in place in the recent years with regard to reporting results for those provinces whereby voting is still taking place.

Overview of Immanuel Kants Grounding for the metaphysics of morals Essay

Overview of Immanuel Kants Grounding for the metaphysics of morals - Essay Example Kant uses Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals to help people obtain a better grasp at what moral principles really are. Kant provides a description of some of the general principles surrounding moral duties. He states that actions can only be considered moral if they are undergone for the sole purpose of being moral and without an underlying purpose. The next principle is that the quality of an action is judged for its morality based on the motive that produced the action, as opposed to the consequence of the action. The final principle declares that actions are only considered to be moral if they are undergone purely out of respect for the law of morality. These three principles reveal that to be considered an act of morality, everything must be done for the purpose of being moral. As there are many situations and circumstances to be taken into consideration, but cannot be due to their quantity, Kant points out that there must be a universal formula that can be applied to every situation to determine if what was undergone was done purely out of morality. This formula is as follows: â€Å"we must be able to will that a maxim of our action should be a universal law.† While this law may be considered intuition to most people, Kant still found it important to remind people of its existence and its purpose.